Luca (on right) with fellow TAGteachers
Eva and Emelie
About ten years ago, Luca had an idea: to give his girlfriend a puppy as a
birthday gift. The puppy, named Iris was a starting point. After a few months, Luca bought a clicker and started to train Iris. The discovery of clicker training was his light bulb moment. Luca gained the CAP3 certification in 2006. After this he started his career as a professional dog trainer, even though his main activity remains Archaeology. Luca holds a Bachelor’s degree In Archaeology from Padova University.
In 2008, Luca’s first son, Alessandro, was born. As a new parent, Luca became more focused towards using positive reinforcement with his son. Karen Pryor’s "Reaching the Animal Mind" introduced him to TAGteach. This was a real life changing event, that led Luca to attending one of the first TAGteach seminars in Europe.
“Working with animals through positive reinforcement is an experience that enriches you. Bring this same experience on the relationship with people is something that changes your life! The first time I read about TAGteach I immediately said "I MUST do this!" And it's true: my life and myself changed. TAGteach has increased my awareness of what the other people are doing and why they’re doing it (and I can guarantee you. if you have a four years old boy this a really helpful skill). I became a "TAGthinker". Constantly I strip down things happening around me and reassemble them in tag points. The challenge now is to be able to introduce the TAGteach here in Italy. In this my thanks go to TAGteach International for their help and support and to Theresa McKeon who last year agreed to held a Primary workshop here in Verona, and this year she took on the challenge of co-present with Laura Monaco Torelli and myself the Dynamic Duo Seminar. My goal with this seminar is to share the deep similarities that exist between education and training humans and animals. When we all will know that there’s a new, caring methodology –that works-, to deal both with people and animal I think the world will be a better place to be in”.
Luca has used TAGteach with volleyball and basketball teams, with his clients and with his son. He also learned medieval swordplay with his nephew using TAGteach methodology.
Luca is a Level 3 TAGteacher and offers TAGteach Workshops and Certification Seminars in Europe in both English and Italian. Visit http://www.tagteachitalia.com/ for more from Luca.
TAGteach and Neuroscience - How the Brain Learns
Luca is a scientist with an interest in the neurobiology of TAGteach and how learning works in the brain. One of the amazing thing about TAGteach is the speed at which it works. Sometimes it seems almost magical! Turns out that the reason for this is because TAGteach is perfectly suited for optimal learning, because of the way the brain learns and retains information. Luca explained this in a fascinating webinar. Click here for more info or to register for the recording.
Karin Coyne and Abigail Curtis are Level 2 TAGteachers and have been using TAGteach for over 7 years in various capacities. Neither of them can remember a “defining moment” where they discovered TAG, but suspect they learned about it when they were reading and absorbing everything they could about clicker training. After using TAG with some success in their summer camp for teenagers and dogs, the real epiphany came after attending a TAGteach seminar. They now had the tools and resources to solve those little areas that weren’t working quite right and everything fit together very smoothly.
As seems to be a typical for them, after using TAGteach at their camp very successfully for several years, they decided that wasn’t exciting enough and began experimenting with other uses of TAGteach in their lives. They had taken up the sport of parkour and remembered watching all of those brilliant gymnastic videos Theresa showed in the TAGteach seminar. Through experimentation, discussion with each other, and some cringe inducing videos (late tags, wrong tags, 20 minutes spent discussing how to tag “commitment,” etc.) the amount they have seen their TAGteaching skills improve by branching into a vastly different use of TAGteach has been an invaluable experience. Tag thinking now “invades” nearly every aspect of their lives and both have been known to awkwardly give tags to random strangers!
We are excited to welcome Karin and Abigail as guest webinar presenters this summer: Join us on July 11 for a fascinating look at the sport of parkour and learn how to apply TAGteach principles to sport coaching. Click here for more info or to register. Join us again on Aug 13 for fun and games at camp. Learn how to manage teenage campers while having a ton on fun and keeping everything positive. Click here for more info or to register.
I was at a clinic with Alexandra Kurland (I had been clicker training horses for many years) when she mentioned that since I taught kids as well as adults, I should try TAGteach. When I asked what that was, she used the following example, "you ask them to keep their position around a 20 meter circle and if they do, then click them and they can go jump the cross rail". I think my jaw dropped. What a brilliant idea. I remember saying that I could have left the clinic right then and there and I would have gotten my money's worth (but I'm glad I didn't because there was more great stuff to come). My mind went wild with the possibilities. I couldn't wait to get home and try it. Kids love to jump - they don't like to work on position so much. There was a perfect way to work them together.
Back at the farm, I put it to work. My first efforts have thankfully blurred in my memory but at the time, I thought I was doing great and the kids were happy. Being an education junkie (I love to learn), I found a TAGteach seminar "only" 6 hours away and signed up. Both Theresa and Joan were there and expanded my enthusiasm further. As a riding instructor, I felt that if I wasn't talking constantly, I wasn't earning my money. In that first seminar, I had the HARDEST time trying to shut up and let the learners learn. During one of the exercises, I repeatedly talked too much rather than letting the clicker work its magic. When I rolled my eyes in disgust at myself, Theresa said, "tag point is, lips sealed." Bingo. That was all it took- the power of a tag point right there for me. I could give my instructions and my tag point and then focus on "lips sealed". And I did it!
At that time, I had a challenging student (competitive adult) who criticized herself constantly. The TAGteach seminar group took on my challenge and helped me brainstorm ways to help this individual. I remember going to her next lesson and pulling a piece of surveyor's tape off a nearby post to tie in her horse's mane where I wanted her to place her hands over a jump. Tag point is: hands to tape. She continued being hard on herself, but I was able to ignore it and focus on that tag point. This helped her be successful so that I could walk away from that lesson and know that rather than just soothing her, I had made a concrete improvement in the way she was riding which would have lasting effects.
Yesterday I asked a current student what TAGteach meant to her. I have tagged her for management skills, handling skills and riding skills. Her response:
"Knowing I can break any problem into "tag" moments gives me hope that I can actually fix anything, or learn anything, that I need to."
Jane is a Level 2 TAGteacher with many years of experience training horses and teaching riders both children and adults. Jane will share some her insights and techniques for using TAGteach to help make learning more fun and efficient in a webinar on June 5, 2013. We are grateful to Jane for doing a terrific job of moderating the TAGteach Yahoo group and for finding and sharing new and inventive ways of teaching.
Click here to register for a webinar with Jane for tips and ideas about using TAGteach for riding instruction ($9.97 for members; $19.97 for non-members)
When I discovered TAGteach I had already been teaching pet owners to train their dogs for many years. But TAGteach proved to be the “missing link” that helped me completely convert my pet dog classes over to clicker training.
First, I discovered that by using tag points and back-chaining my students quickly learn the mechanical skills of clicker training. In no time my clients are comfortable and confident in their ability to observe, mark, and reinforce their dog’s behavior.
Second, teaching with TAGteach principles enables me to reframe my client’s focus from that of seeing only what their dog is doing wrong to seeing all the things their dog is doing right! When a client experiences TAGteach as a learner, and clicker training as a trainer, it resonates.
The principles that I use most often are:
Ask for what you want – Simple clear instruction about what I DO want, rather than what I DON’T want.
Ask for only one thing at a time – have you ever taken lessons for golf or tennis – the instructor says stand with your feet in a wide stance, eyes on the ball, shoulders relaxed, elbow straight, etc. How much of that do you actually remember as you hack at the ball! I ask for just one thing at a time.
Build on successes – when something is going right, whether for the human or the dog, I grab the opportunity to build on it.
Break if down – if a student is not successful with a skill, I break it down further.
Raise criteria appropriately for each student – I try to provide meaningful next steps rather than just expect everyone to proceed at the same rate.
Keeping these TAGteach principles in mind during my pet dog training classes has helped me immensely in retention and graduation rates, which in turn helps to keep dogs in their homes. TAGteach has positively impacted my teaching skills, and I believe it greatly enhances my learner’s experience and success. And as if that weren’t enough, it’s also a lot of fun!
Nearly ten years ago, Laura skipped a clicker training lecture to look in on an introduction to something she'd heard about called TAGteach -- and she's never looked back.
"Shaping human behavior incrementally just makes so much sense. We do it with the animals because it's easier for them and us both -- why not for human student and human teacher?"
Laura has incorporated TAGteach not only into her professional work, for training private clients with Canines In Action, Inc and as faculty with the Karen Pryor Academy, but into her personal life as well -- which finds her using TAG principles in organizing costume masquerades, in physical exercise form, in handling a firearm safely and shooting competitively, and in writing and editing. This fall she will tour the Indianapolis library system with Alena VanArendonk, teaching teenagers to dance THRILLER as part of a zombie-themed reading program and sneaking in TAGteach along the way. Check out Laura's video, The Thrill of Tag...
"TAGteach has really influenced how I view and approach challenges. I set more realistic goals -- measured by my actions, not anything out of my control -- and I'm much better about splitting big, daunting tasks into little ones I can actually do! I'm using self-tagging in so many ways. And don't tell, but my husband and I talk about ways to quietly implement tags in the project teams he manages, reducing stress and frustration under impossible deadlines and with workers on two continents. "
Laura's most recent self-tagging project was preparing to pitch to a literary agent, an experience made much simpler by good behavior preparation. She designed the popular ClickStats mobile app to track useful click or tag session data, making it easier to log rate of reinforcement and success ratios. Now she's working toward her Level 3 certification and is looking forward to introducing TAGteach to more learners and their instructors!
Laura is also an accomplished writer! You can get her book Kitsune-Tsuki on Amazon (winner of the 2012 Luminis prize). A bargain at only $0.99. Highly recommended!
For more information about Laura visit her website at Canines in Action
"Earning the Level 2 TAGteach Instructor Certification has been one of the most reinforcing experiences of my career. Being able to apply TAGteach applications and principles within the zoological community, within the Karen Pryor Academy Dog Trainer Program and with our puppy and dog clients has been an amazing continuing education opportunity for all involved! Moving forward toward the Level 3 is my next goal. Many thanks to TAGteach International for their continuing patience and enthusiasm with my questions and suggested projects to help further my education while teaching others."
Laura has been a wonderful asset to the TAGteach team over the years, helping out at seminars and presentations and presenting a shining example of how to apply TAGteach principles in daily life and in interactions with others. Laura will be co-presenting with Theresa McKeon at our Dynamic Duo seminar in Italy in November. Laura will talk about animal Clicker Training and how the principles relate to TAGteach, while Theresa will talk about TAGteach and how the principles relate to animal training.
TAGteach is thrilled that Laura is working towards her Level 3 certification and we look forward to having her join our teaching team!
Helix Fairweather is Certified Level 2 TAGteacher and an accomplished clicker trainer. Helix is a faculty member of Clicker Expo and the Karen Pryor Academy for Dog Training and behavior. She was the first to apply TAGteach techniques in the instruction of dog handlers, developing tag points for the front cross and other agility-related maneuvers.
I first learned of TAGteach through something Karen Pryor wrote some years ago. I tried so hard to chase down more information searching the internet, looking for books and so on - there was nothing out there at the time! Imagine how happy I was to then be invited to be on the first year's Clicker Expo faculty. Finally, I had first-hand information about TAGteaching!
One of the most joyous uses of TAGteach for me currently is in presenting seminars. My co-presenter, Megan Cruz, KPA CTP, and I bring bags of small candy bars and Werthers to our seminars. As people ask good questions or make observations about dog body language, we give them a bone cut out of cardstock, redeemable for the candy of their choice. It's really fun to see the seminar attendees start indicating "oh! she should get a tag for that" as they pick up on noticing the behaviors we are reinforcing.
Sometimes someone will run up to our table on a break and grab a bone to hand to someone who just did something great.
Find out more about Helix from her blogs and wesbite:
Congratulations to TAGteacher Sara McLoudrey for becoming our most recent Certified Level 2 TAGteacher! Thanks to Sara for sharing the story of her journey with TAGteach.
I was first introduced to TAGteach in 2008 at Clicker Expo. That summer I was lucky enough to attend my first TAGteach seminar in Chicago. After the first day my life was changed! That night I went home to my then almost 3 year old who was not wanting to go to bed. First step was getting him upstairs. I started tagging any movement towards the stairs. Then he got tagged for every stair he went up. By the time he was tucked in it was the most uneventful bedtime routine for months. I was sold!
Over the next few months I worked with my son, a few client’s children, and my dog training students. One of my favorite training sessions was teaching a client’s 6 year old how to skip. Literally in one tag she was skipping, she was shocked, her mom was shocked and was so excited - it worked! That fall my father passed away and I really wanted to read something at his memorial service. I remember calling Theresa and saying I had an idea to TAGteach it with back-chaining. She was very supportive and asked if I would videotape it. I did, and most importantly I was able to read the piece at the service. I used my tagulator during the reading to help keep me on track. While attending my second TAGteach seminar in Boston in October of 2008 I decided to use TAG to tackle my biggest problem facing me and my son - going to the dentist.
We started by tagging very simple things at home like opening your mouth and playing with the Playdough dentist. The first visit to the actual office it took him over 15 minutes to get into the front door of the waiting room. He would panic and bolt or stop moving out of fear. We eventually did 10 visits, over 6 months - 9 by himself and 1 to watch Dad go to the dentist - before he was willing to try actually seeing the dentist. The first visit with the dentist he sat on my lap and the dentist only wanted to count his teeth. It was a success! For the next 6 months we continued to work on skills at home but we did not visit the office. Time came for his next check up he had an actual complete visit. He sat in the chair by himself, had his teeth polished, flossed, counted and fluoride treated. You could see his stress at times but he was able to do it all - independently! I was not sure if this day would ever come. One year after we started, with only 11 visits we had a child who was not terrified by the dentist. Hopefully I have laid the foundation for a lifetime of healthy dental habits.
In addition to using TAGteach with my son I use it to teach competition obedience handler skills in my dog training classes. With one client we were able to change 25 years of footwork to new footwork more suitable to her current dog. Recently I have started a Self Tagging Blog to share a few Self Tagging Projects. I can’t imagine my life without TAGteach! It makes my teaching easier, it makes being a mom easier and I feel I can tackle almost any problem! I am honored to be called a TAGteacher.
Swedes Emelie Johnson Vegh and Eva Bertilsson are Certified Level 3 TAGteachers, authors of the book Agility Right from the Start and work together under the name Carpe Momentum. Emelie studied to be a high school teacher in English and Swedish, and Eva has a degree in education and psychology – but after getting together to work within Carpe Momentum, giving classes, hosting seminars, writing articles and the recently published book Agility Right from the Start, neither has time to pursue a more traditional career in their field.
Emelie and Eva came into contact with clicker training at roughly the same time (around 1997), but before knowing each other. They met while competing in agility one hot summer, and found that they both shared a great passion for training and discussing training. After having begun teaching together, they noticed that clicker training made them good animal trainers – in their classes everything was split into small pieces for the dogs and the rate of reinforcement was kept high. But for the human part of the team? As instructors they felt that they wanted to share everything and give all the tools they could to their students, but just cramming their heads full didn’t feel right. How was that setting anybody up for success? Eva spent some time searching the Web, looking for ideas. She came across TAGteach and promptly wrote an email to Theresa McKeon and Beth Wheeler, and that is how the first Primary Certification Seminar came to be hosted in Dingle, Sweden, in 2004.
Since then, Emelie and Eva have worked their way to a Level 3, now educating and certifying others in TAGteach in Scandinavia. They’ve written a few articles in Swedish on the subject and in their book Agility Right from the Start, there is a passage briefly introducing TAGteach and many of the exercises come with suggestions of TAG points for the trainer/handler.
We are proud to announce that Linda Randall DVM, ABVP is our newest Level 2 TAGteacher! Linda is a familiar and friendly face at Clicker Expos and TAGteach seminars and we are very impressed with her commitment to continued learning and to teaching others. We have also been impressed and grateful for her photography skills! Linda is board certified in canine and feline medicine and surgery and owns Cloverleaf Animal Hospital in Westfield Center, OH, where she works with dogs, cats and exotic animals. She also owns The Agility Underground dog training facility. Linda uses clicker training in many of her classes and became acquainted with TAGteach at Clicker Expo in Providence, RI. Now she uses TAGteach in her agility classes and also in her veterinary hospital with her technicians and receptionists.
Linda has had a varied and interesting life experiences including riding her horse to school as a child from a small farm, competing in horse and dog sports, raising and training champion Flat Coated retrievers, majoring in English literature, teaching in a Quaker highschool, working in Nigeria where she experienced the turmoil of a military coup, veterinary school, private veterinary practice and community service. Currently Linda competes in agility with her border collie and specializes in working with junior handlers, especially children 8-12 years old.
We asked Linda to tell as a bit about how she is using TAGteach in her various endeavors and here is what she told us:
I am excited to be Level II TAGteach Certified. I use TAGteach at my veterinary hospital. There is a tagulator by one of the telephones. My initial idea for this tagulator was to use it for myself. I wanted to slow down and truly listen to my clients rather than rushing to tell them what I wanted them to hear, then getting on with my day. When I relaxed my shoulder muscles as I listened, I would “pull a bead”. After 10 beads I would do something rewarding for myself. Soon this morphed into “pulling a bead” every time I overheard a staff member say something compassionate or service-oriented to a client when using this particular phone. Then anyone could “pull a bead” for anyone else for a client or pet-centered phone phrase. The tagulator became a team effort and we needed a second tagulator to mark the completion of the first tagulator so we could get pizza after 100 secondary beads! It worked, and is working, wonderfully.
I also teach medical skills with the TAGteach method. I have found it especially useful for the technicians that come through our practice that need to develop a level of comfort working with exotic animals.
In dog agility, I often use TAGteach to hone specific handling skills. This would include timing, footwork and hand/arm position. One of my favorites is “eye-to-eye”, which is our phrase for direct eye contact with the dog. Many times my students will come to me before a trial and ask for focus points for their runs.
I find that TAGteach has infiltrated my daily existence, because it has had such a positive effect on my relationship with my staff and my students. The sight of my tagger, or a tagulator, brings a smile to my face and I relax. I have conditioned them as reinforcers for a sense of well-being, without actually setting out to do that.
One of the Aha! moments that I remember most is the day that I realized how exhausted I was because I had not thought through my TAGteaching plan for one of my agility classes. I thought I could do it on the fly. Well, I could, but it wasn’t confident, it wasn’t smooth, and I had to really work at creating and maintaining appropriate Points of Success. That was the day that I knew that there was such depth to the TAGteach method, that people who thought : “Oh, I clicker train. I can TAGteach easily.” were mistaken. It takes dedication, research, and a thorough understanding of the group or individual you are tagging to develop positive TAGpoints that move the learner forward. Yes, in its simplest form, many can do it, but, like most things, it takes a student of the process to become an artist of the method. I am truly happy to be on this journey.
Here is an excerpt of a video that Linda was kind enough to share with us that shows her teaching a veterinary technician how to hold a snake. Just one tag point is shown in the video to illustrate how TAGteach gives both teacher and learner a calm and focused approach. Focusing on one thing, setting the learner up for success by giving something that is easy to do at first and giving calm and clear instructions are the hallmarks of an excellent TAGteacher.
We had a great time at Clicker Expo in Porland OR in January, and the highlight was the plenary lecture by Dr. Julie Vargas (eldest daughter of B.F. Skinner). Julie gave an entertaining and informative talk about the history of operant conditioning with glimpses into life with her famous father. Usually the Sunday plenary session at Expo is only about half full, but this time a packed audience stayed to hear Julie - and were glad they did! To our surprise and delight Julie dedicated a significant portion of her talk to TAGteach. As we sat and listened to B.F. Skinner's daughter, who is an accomplished and well-recognized behavior scientist in her own right, talking about our methodology and using language that we had created, it started to dawn on us that maybe we are making a significant contribution here. I was talking to Theresa's husband Brian later in my hotel room (while she was out partying, as usual, sigh...) and he said, "Did you see that time line?". "Yes - so what?". "Skinner's daughter just showed a time line with B.F. Skinner, then Ogden Lindsley, then 40 years of essentially no notable developments in the human application of marker-based operant conditioning and then you guys!". OK - that is pretty cool when you put it that way. So we asked Julie if we could share the time line with you in our blog. She said yes and here it is in a modified form. The original version showed the development of clicker training with animals along the top, but I have left that out here (click on the image for a larger view).
TAGteach is relatively new, but its roots go back to the 1940s, and B.F.Skinner. The principles that apply to TAGteach and in fact all learning, were firstdemonstrated by Skinner with rats and pigeons and later were applied with many species of animals. Skinner was the first to discover that behavior is controlled and can be shaped by the consequences that follow. Karen Pryor talked about applying marker-based operant conditioning to people in her book Don't Shoot the Dog (which people often mistakenly think is a dog training book) and used this approach herself in various applications over the years. If you haven't read this book then you must!
Gymnastics coach Theresa McKeon learned about clicker training and used it with an unruly horse. She thought that the sharp sound of the clicker would be useful in signaling to her gymnasts during acrobatic moves when voice was just too slow. Theresa posted a message about her experiments with gymnasts to a KPCT online forum, where Karen spotted it. Theresa did not get any support for this strange activity from gym management or other coaches and then moved from Florida to North Carolina and a new gym and was reluctant to resume clicking. Meanwhile, in Canada, I had learned about clicker training and was training dogs and then rabbits and then cats this way. I thought that this method would be really effective with the Special Olympics rhythmic gymnasts that my daughter's school teacher coached. I thought it might be a bad idea to experiment with the SO athletes first and sent Karen Pryor a message to find out if anyone was using clicker training with gymnasts. Karen remembered Theresa's post to the forum and Theresa and I started talking via phone and email. We did a little study in the fall of 2002 to see whether this clicker training could really help with gymnastics and found of course that it did! The gym study is described here if you want to see the results.
Theresa and I decided that this needed a new name since it was rapidly becoming more than just clicker training for people. Also some parents objected to having their kids trained like dogs. Ironic really, since clicker training is much more humane than traditional coaching methods. So we came up with the name TAGteach where TAG stands for Teaching with Acoustical Guidance. The parents thought that this new TAGteach thing was terrific. They even started signing their kids up for extra private TAGteach sessions.
In the spring of 2003 Theresa and her daughter Katie left the comforts of North Carolina to visit us in the wilds of Canada. This was our first face to face meeting since we had started working together the previous fall. During this visit and many others back and forth between us we tagged every kid we could we get our hands on... gymnasts, volley ball players, Special Olympics athletes, golfers, basketball players, cheerleaders, high jumpers, long jumpers... It didn't matter whether we knew anything about the sport, we just needed a coach who did, or videos/photos showing correct form. Theresa was tagging her gymnasts with fantastic results, but the overall culture in the gym was not tag-friendly. We needed someone who would allow us to implement TAGteach from the top down through the entire organization so that we could really showcase how well it works.
Enter Beth Wheeler... Beth and Theresa were roommates in college and Theresa was sure that Beth would be up for this new challenge. Beth was excited from the moment she heard about TAGteach and she invited us to come to her dance camp in the summer of 2003 and gave us free access to all the students. We all had a blast and we got a great chance to refine our techniques even more. Beth joined as a partner and we started the company TAGteach LLC. Beth implemented TAGteach fully at her dance studio, A Dancer's Dream and was thrilled with the improvement in performance, improvement in happiness of the dancers and improvement to the bottom line.
The great Karen Pryor joined us as well in Marblehead MA for dance camp and this was our first meeting and the start of wonderful friendships. Karen and KPCT President Aaron Clayton invited us to the first Clicker Expo where we presented our TAGteach videos to an audience of Karen, Aaron and maybe four other people, all of them fellow Expo presenters. In 2004 we held the first two TAGteach seminars, one at A Dancer's Dream and the other at Bentley College in Boston, co-hosted with KPCT. Later that year TAGteach International LLC was formed as a joint partnership of TAGteach LLC and Karen Pryor Clickertraining.
Since then we have held TAGteach seminars all over the world and there are more than 400 certified TAGteachers in more than nine different countries. "You have changed my life" is the most common comment that we hear from attendees. We have learned from our many hours of tagging and from the many people who have come to our seminars. We have refined and improved our techniques so that now TAGteach has developed far past its original clicker training roots (this will be subject of another article!). TAGteach started out as an application for kids and sports and now is being used with adults in occupational and business settings for physical skills and management skills as well as all sorts of other settings with both kids and adults. Essentially any type of teaching and learning can benefit from the incorporation of the TAGteach approach. We are grateful to all our early adopters who let us experiment on themselves and their kids and who took what we taught them and helped us grow it into something even better.
Here is a video showing Theresa tagging the first ever tag taught gymnasts. The tag point is "shoulders to ears". The athletes can get a tag in the set up before the first handspring, when their hands hit the floor and again at the end in the finish position. They can get several tags for each tumbling pass, but the tag point itself is exactly the same each time. The last one is an easy one - but watch them adjust until they hear the tag. If they don't hear a tag at any of the possible places where the tag point occurs, then they know they need to self assess and try again. Notice how this eliminates coach babble and lets the coach and the athletes focus on one thing and keeps the practice moving along quickly.
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